What is the central dogma of molecular biology?
Who proposed the central dogma of molecular biology?
What is the direct synthesis of mRNA known as?
What synthesizes RNA?
Where is mRNA "read"?
A protein is composed of a chain of these monomers.
What determines a protein's function.
What is the function of proteins in a cell?
Where are proteins synthesized?
What is the process of protein synthesis called?
What does DNA directly code for?
What does DNA indirectly code for?
What is the segment of DNA that codes for mRNA?
Which biological molecule is capable of self replication?
What are the monomers of nucleic acids?
A nucleotide is composed of what three components?
Deoxyribonucleotides have which four nitrogenous bases? RNA?
Structurally, how are purines and pyrimidines different?
What are the pyrimidines and purines of DNA?
Describe two ways that deoxyribonucleotides and ribonucleotides differ.
Which carbon does phosphate bind to in a nucleotide?
How is deoxyribose different than ribose?
What are the four nitrogenous bases of ribonucleotide?
Nucleotides are connected to each other by what type of bond?
How does uracil differ from thymine?
Nucleotides are connected to each other by what type of bond?
Which components of the nucleotide compose the nucleic backbone?
Which component of the nucleotide is at the 5’ end of the nucleic acid? 3’?
RNA is composed of which nucleotides ?
What are are ribosome made of?
What is the predominant role of RNA in the cell?
What are are ribosome made of?
What is the function of mRNA?
What is the function of tRNA?
What did Chargaff discover in the 1950s that helped Watson and Crick unravel the secondary structure of DNA?
Watson and Crick suggested that Chargaff’s discoveries suggested what two aspects of the secondary structure of DNA?
What technique did Franklin and Wilkins use to acquired evidence of DNA’s molecular shape?
Analyses from the X-ray chromatography of DNA allowed researchers to conclude what three things?
What does antiparallel refer to with regards to DNA?
What does base pairing refer to with regards to DNA?
Why did Watson and Crick suggest that purines connect with pyrimidines between DNA strands?
Why did Watson and Crick suggest that adenine binds with thymine and guanine binds with cytosine between two DNA strands?
How many amino acids exist in living organisms?
Draw an amino acid. What are the adenine binds with thymine and guanine binds with cytosine between two DNA strands?
Which of the four components of an amino acid differ from one to the next ?
What three ways R-groups can differ?
How do R-groups vary by polarity ?
Which type of R-groups bend toward water? Away from water? ?
What type of bond connects amino acids together?
What is a polypeptide?
What determines a protein’s primary structure ?
How is sickled cell anemia a condition determined by the primary structure of hemoglobin?
What type of chemical bonds determine a protein's secondary structure?
What two types of shapes are created by a protein’s secondary structure?
How does hydrogen bonding differ between alpha-helices and beta-pleated sheets?
What are the three types of interactions that can determine the tertiary structure of a proteins ?
What is the overall structure of a proteins known as?